Theory and Problems of College Physics

CHAPTER
1. INTRODUCTION TO VECTORS ..
2. EQUILIBRIUM OF A BODY: PARALLEL COPLANAR FORCES
EQUILIBRIUM OF A BODY: NON-PARALLEL COPLANAR FORCES
UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION
FORCE ........
6. WORK, ENERGY, POWER
7. SIMPLE MACHINES
8. IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM
9. ANGULAR VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION
10. CENTRIPETAL AND CENTRIFUGAL FORCE
11. ROTATION OF A BODY
12. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
13. ELASTICITY
14. FLUIDS AT REST
15. FLUIDS IN MOTION
16. SURFACE TENSION
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
HEAT
EXPANSION OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS ..
EXPANSION OF GASES
CALORIMETRY, FUSION, VAPORIZATION TRANSFER OF HEAT THERMODYNAMICS
ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
22. ELECTROSTATICS
23.
24.
OHM's LAw
25.
ELECTRICAL ENERGY, HEAT, POWER RESISTANCE AND CIRCUITS
26. ELECTROLYSIS
27.
28.
MAGNETIC FIELDS OF CURRENTS
29.
MAGNETS AND MAGNETIC CIRCUITS
30.
GALVANOMETERS, AMMETERS, VOLTMETERS
31.
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION .
32.
SELF-INDUCTANCE AND MUTUAL INDUCTANCE
33.
ELECTRIC GENERATORS AND MOTORS .
ALTERNATING CURRENTS
35.
36.
37.
ILLUMINATION AND PHOTOMETRY
REFLECTION OF LIGHT ..
REFRACTION OF LIGHT
THIN LENSES
39. OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
40. DISPERSION OF LICHT
41. INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT
ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
42. QUANTUM PHYSICS, RELATIVITY, WAVE MeCHANICS
43. NUcLEAR PHYSICS ...
APPENDIX
A. SIGNIFICANT FICURES B.
C.
TRIGONOMETRY NEEDED FOR COLLECE PHYSICS D.
EXPONENTS
LOGARITHMS
E. UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS :.
F.
G.
IMPORTANT PHYSICAL CONSTANTS, GREEK ALPHABET CONVERSION OF ELECTRICAL UNITS •*.
H.
I.
FOUR-PLACE LOGARITHMS AND ANTILOGARITINS NATURAL TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

A SCALAR QUANTITY has only magnitude, e.g. time, volume of a body, mass of a body, density of a
body, amount of work, amount of money.
Scalars are added by ordinary algebraic methods, e.g. 2 sec + 5 sec = 7 sec.
A VECTOR QUANTITY has both magnitude and direction.
For example:
1) Displacement - an airplane flies a distance of 160 mi in a southerly direction.
2) Velocity - a ship sails due east at 20 mi/hr.
3) Force - a force of 10lb acts on a body in a vertically upward direction.
A vector quantity is represented by an arrow drawn to scale. The length of the arrow represents the magnitude of the displacement, velocity, force, etc. The direction of the arrow represents the direction of the displacement, etc.
Vectors are added by geometric methods.
THE RESULTANT of a number of force vectors is that single vector which would have the same ef-
fect as all the original vectors together.
THE EQUILIBRANT of a number of vectors is that vector which would balance all the original vectors taken together. It is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the resultant.
PARALLELOGRAM METHOD OF VECTOR ADDITION. The resultant of two vectors acting at any angle may be represented by the diagonal of a parallelogram drawn with the two vectors as adjacent sides, and directed away from the origin of the two vectors.
VECTOR POLYGON METHOD OF VECTOR ADDITION. This method of finding the resultant consists-in beginning at any convenient point and drawing (to scale) each vector in turn, taking them in any order of succession. The tail end of each vector is attached to the arrow end of the preced.
The line drawn to complete the triangle or polygon is equal in magnitude to the result-
ant or equilibrant.
The resultant is represented by the straight line directed from the starting point to the ar-
row end of the last vector added.
The equilibrant is represented by the same line as the resultant but is oppositely directed,
i.e. toward the starting point.
SUBTRACTION OF VECTORS. To subtract vector B from vector A, reverse the direction of vector B
and add it vectorially to vector A, i.e. A -B = A +(-B).
A COMPONENT OF A VECTOR is its effective value in any given direction.
For example, the hori-
zontal component of a vector is its effective value in a horizontal direction.
A vector may be
considered as the resultant of two or more component vectors, the vector sum of the components being the original vector.
It is customary and

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