INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRONIC COMPUTERS

Editorial:
McGrae-Hill
ISBN:
79-154226

"• CHAPTER 4 INTERNAL OPERATIONS AND STRONGE IN A COMPUTER
• AN OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNATIONAL OPERATION OF A COMPUTER
• CHAPTER
• 2
• THE USES FOR COMPUTERS 31
• CHAPTER
• 3 COMPUTER ARITHMETIC AND DATA REPRESENTATION 53
• DEFINITIONS
• HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERS
• SECOND AND THIRD GENERATION COMPUTERS
• ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM
• PROCESSING METHODS
• THE EQUIPMENT IN A COMPUTER INSTALLATION
• COMPUTER SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• CAPABILITIES OF COMPUTERS
• RECORDKEEPING
• REALTIME PROCESSING
• COMPUTER-BASED ANALYSIS AND PROCESSING
• EDUCATION
• GUIDANCE AND CONTROL
• MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
• OTHER INTERESTING USES OF COMPUTERS
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• TWO-STATE REPRESENTATION OF DATA
• BINARY ARITHMETIC
• OPERATOR NOTATION
• BINARY CODED DECIMAL
• REPRESENTING ALPHANUMERIC INFORMATION
• SUMMARY
• ANSWERS TO SELF-TESTING QUIZZES
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• CHAPTER
• 4 INTERNAL OPERATIONS AND STORAGE IN A CPUTER 83
• AN OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNAL OPERATION OF A
• COMPUTER
• COMPUTER CIRCUITS
• FUNCTIONAL UNITS
• COMPUTER STORAGE
• COMPUTER WORD STRUCTURE
• THE EFFECT OF WORD STRUCTURE ON COMPUTER
• DESIGN
• COMPARING MEMORY SIZES
• A COMPUTER OPERATING CYCLE
• ALTERNATIVES IN COMPUTER DESIGN
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• H
• CHAPTER
• 5 THE PROGRAMMING OF A COMPUTER 115
• CHAPTER
• 6 COMPUTER
• BASIC
• TO
• INSTRUCTIONS 155
• CHARACTERISTICS OF A PROGRAM
• SUMMARY OF STEPS IN PREPARING A COMPUTER PROGRAM
• TOOLS FOR ANALYZING AND PLANNING COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
• INSTRUCTING A COMPUTER
• CODING AN INSTRUCTION
• AIDS TO PROGRAMMING
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• MOVE INSTRUCTIONS
• ARITHMETIC INSTRUCTIONS
• TRANSFER OF CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS
• EDITING
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• CHAPTER
• 7
• PROGRAM
• MODIFICATION 185
• ALTERING AN INSTRUCTION
• LOOPING
• SWITCHES IN PROGRAMMING
• TABLE LOOK-UP
• INDIRECT ADDRESSING
• SUBROUTINES
• 1 PROGRAM MODIFICATION IN MULTIPROGRAMMING
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• CHAPTER
• 8 VERVIEW OF INPUT AND OUTPUT
• TRANSFER OF DATA BETWEEN INPUT/OUTPUT MEDIA AND THE COMPUTER
• INPUT
• AND OUTPUT 209
• PUNCHED CARD INPUT AND OUTPUT
• PRINTED OUTPUT
• MAGNETIC TAPE INPUT AND OUTPUT
• MAGNETIC DISC INPUT AND OUTPUT
• OTHER DEVICES FOR SECONDARY STORAGE
• OTHER DEVICES FOR INPUT AND OUTPUT
• DATA COMMUNICATIONS
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• CHAPTER
• 9
• COMPUTER FILES
• FILE ORGANIZATION AND PROCESSING
• COMPUTER
• LIST ORGANIZATION
• FILES
• FILE MANAGEMENT
• AND FILE
• SORTING TRANSACTIONS FOR FILE PROCESSING
• MANAGEMENT 253
• DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• CHAPTER
• 10 OPERATING AN INHOUSE AND USING AN OUTSIDE COMPUTER SERVICE 277
• COMPUTER
• CHAPTER
• 11 DETECTING AND CONTROLLING ERRORS 299
• CHAPTER
• 12
• INTRODUCTION TO PROCEDURE-AND PROBLEM-ORIENTED LANGUAGES 327
• THE MANAGEMENT OF COMPUTER PROCESSING
• OPERATING THE COMPUTER
• OPERATING SYSTEMS
• USING A SERVICE CENTER FOR COMPUTER PROCESSING
• USING A TIME SHARING SERVICE
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• AN OVERVIEW OF QUALITY CONTROL IN DATA PROCESSING
• CONTROL OVER DATA PREPARATION AND INPUT
• CONTROL OVER PROCESSING
• CONTROL OVER OUTPUT AND DISTRIBUTION
• HARDWARE FEATURES FOR CONTROL OVER EQUIPMENT MALFUNCTIONS
• PREVENTING DESTRUCTION OR MISUSE OF DATA FILES AND PROGRAMS
• ERROR CORRECTION PROCEDURES
• INTERNAL AUDIT OF COMPUTER PROCESSING
• FRAUD AND THE COMPUTER
• QUALITY CONTROL FOR COMPUTATIONAL PROGRAMS
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• HIGHER-ORDER COMPUTER LANGUAGES
• THE OPERATION OF A COMPILER
• EVALUATION OF HIGHER-ORDER LANGUAGES
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• CHAPTER
• 13
• THE BASIC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE 345
• INTRODUCTION
• WRITING STATEMENTS TO PERFORM ARITHMETIC
• INPUT AND OUTPUT
• CONTROL STATEMENTS
• LOOPS
• ADDITIONAL FEATURES
• SUMMARY OF BASIC
• ANSWERS TO SELF-TESTING QUIZZES
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• 4
• CHAPTER
• 14
• FORTRAN-ELEMENTARY FEATURES 371
• INTRODUCTION
• WRITING STATEMENTS TO PERFORM ARITHMETIC
• ELEMENTARY INPUT AND OUTPUT
• CONTROL STATEMENTS
• SUGGESTIONS FOR WRITING PROGRAMS
• ANSWERS TO SELF-TESTING QUIZZES
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• CHAPTER
• 15
• FORTRAN-ADDITIONAL FEATURES 427
• SUBSCRIPTED VARIABLES
• THE DO STATEMENT
• ADDITIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT FEATURES
• USING ADDITIONAL INPUT/OUTPUT UNITS
• SUBPROGRAMS
• ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF STANDARD FORTRAN
• DIFFERENCES IN FORTRANS
• SUGGESTIONS FOR THE FORTRAN PROGRAMMER
• LIST OF FORTRAN STATEMENTS
• SAMPLE FORTRAN PROBLEMS
• ANSWERS TO SELF-TESTING QUIZZES
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• CHAPTER
• 16
• ELEMENTARY COBOL 497
• HISTORY OF COBOL
• OVERVIEW OF THE COBOL LANGUAGE
• PROGRAMMING IN COBOL
• THE IDENTIFICATION DIVISION
• THE ENVIRONMENT DIVISION
• THE DATA DIVISION
• THE PROCEDURE DIVISION
• COMPILING AND EXECUTING A COBOL PROGRAM
• ANSWERS TO SELF-TESTING QUIZZES
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER
• 17
• ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF COBOL 559
• AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FUNCTIONAL PROCESSING MODULES
• USING MAGNETIC TAPE AND MAGNETIC DISC FILES
• ADDITIONAL PROCEDURE DIVISION
• TABLE HANDLING
• MORE DATA DIVISION
• ENVIRONMENT DIVISION
• THE COPY FEATURES
• SORT AND REPORT WRITER OPTIONS
• SAMPLE PROGRAM
• ANSWERS TO SELF-TESTING QUIZZES
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• COBOL ACKNOWLEDGMENT
• CHAPTER
• 18 EVALUATING COMPUTERS 607
• CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION
• COST CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER INSTALLATIONS
• GUIDELINES FOR SUCCESS IN USING A COMPUTER
• AN APPROACH TO INVESTIGATION
• DECIDING ON THE COMPUTER EQUIPMENT
• CONVERTING TO A COMPUTER SYSTEM
• FINANCING USE OF COMPUTER EQUIPMENT
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• CHAPTER
• 19
• CURRENT AND PROSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENTS IN COMPUTER HARDWARE.
• COMPUTER SOFTWARE, AND COMPUTER-BASED SYSTEMS 629
• APPENDIX
• 1
• HOW TO USE THE CARD PUNCH 645
• APPENDIX
• GUIDE TO COMPUTER ORGANIZATIONS AND PERIODICALS 655
• APPENDIX
• 111
• DATA MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION CERTIFICATE PROGRAM 660
• GLOSSARY 664
• INDEX 671
• THE FOURTH GENERATION
• DEVELOPMENTS IN COMPUTER HARDWARE
• DEVELOPMENTS IN COMPUTER SOFTWARE
• DEVELOPMENTS IN COMPUTER BASED SYSTEMS
• IMPACT OF COMPUTERS ON ORGANIZATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS
• SUMMARY
• EXERCISES
• SELECTED REFERENCES
• 63
• 63
• 6
• PUNCHING WITHOUT USE OF AUTOMATIC FEATURES
• PUNCHING WITH AUTO FEED
• PUNCHING WITH A PROGRAM CARD
• OTHER KEYS AND CONTROLS
• COMPUTER ORGANIZATIONS
• SELECTED PERIODICALS
• GETTING STARTED
• CERTIFICATE IN DATA PROCESSING
• REGISTERED BUSINESS PROGRAMMER EXAMINATION
• HOW TO APPLY "

THE MODERN COMPUTER REPRESENTS A FUNDAMENTAL ADVANCE IN COMPUTATION ON A PAR WITH OTHER ADVANCES SUCH AS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ZERO OR THE DISCOVERY OF CALCULUS. THE COMPUTER IS A RESULT OF, AND A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO, THE CURRENT TECHNOLOGICAL EXPLOSION. NO ONE CAN ESCAPE SOME CONTACT WITH COMPUTERS. THIS CONTACT MAY RESULT FROM SUCH MUNDANE COMPUTER APPLICATIONS AS THE PREPARATION OF PAYROLL CHECKS AND DEPARTMENT STORE CHARGE ACCOUNT BILLINGS, OR IT MAY BE FROM SUCH ESOTERIC ACTIVITIES AS PRE. DICTING THE OUTCOME OF ELECTIONS OR ANALYZING THE PROBABLE AUTHORSHIP OF ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. SINCE THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE ARE OFTEN BEST UNDER. STOOD IN TERMS OF THE PAST, IT WILL BE VALUABLE TO AN UNDERSTANDING OF COMPUTERS TO BRIEFLY REVIEW THEIR HISTORY.

Ingeniería en Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación